Women in the Military Essay - 1469 Words

Women have fought alongside men in the United States Military in every major battle since the American Revolution. The roles of women in the military have evolved over time to allow the incorporation of women in expanding military career fields. Women have proven themselves to be an asset to the military despite some of society believing women would weaken America’s military effectiveness. Today more than 200,000 women are active-duty military, this is about 14.5% of all military. Currently, women are involved in all branches of the Armed Forces; there are around 74,000 women in the Army, 62,000 in the Air Force, 53,000 in the Navy, and 14,000 in the Marine Corps (By the numbers: Women in the U.S. Military). Military women continue to†¦show more content†¦Margaret Corbin was the first woman to receive the pay of a soldier and remains the first and only Revolutionary War soldier to have been buried with military honors at West Point Cemetery (Diece). For these reasons, Corbin remains one of the most recognized women in military history. Margaret Corbin is only one of many women who astounded society and would change the face of the military forever. During the times before women were allowed to enlist as soldiers, many women took the issue into their own hands, disguising themselves as men and enlisting in the military under false pretenses. Deborah Sampson was one of the women who participated in this trend. Sampson was enlisted in General Washington’s army and proved to be quite competent and an asset to her fellow soldiers. Deborah Sampson’s true identity was discovered shortly after she was wounded in battle. Despite her actions being illegal, Sampson received an honorable discharge as well as military pension for her duties (Time Line: Women in the U.S. Military). After 1917, when women were allowed to join the military, the most popular job was nursing. 33,000 women served as nurses during the last two years of World War One, for the first time women were officially considered apart of America’s military (Time Line: Women in the U.S. Military). The more years that passed with women involved in the military, the more respect they gained in theShow MoreRelatedWomen and the Military1125 Words   |  5 PagesWomen and the Military Statistics show that the U.S. armed forces currently employ over 229,000 women in its various branches (Donnelly 8). This figure had been increasing exponentially for over 30 years. It s no surprise to men that women are becoming an important factor in the U.S. military and now occupy every position expect those on the front lines. With the infiltration of women in the services in 1972, great controversy has arisen and has become a highly argued issue (DonnellyRead MoreWomen in the Military1458 Words   |  6 PagesGender integration in the military has always faced the question of social acceptance, whether society can accept how women will be treated and respected in the military. Throughout the history of the military, our leadership has always sought ways in how to integrate without upsetting the general public if our females were captured as prisoners of war, raped, discriminated or even blown up in combat. My paper will discuss three situations pertaining to the fi rst female submariner, fighter pilotRead MoreWomen in the Military1453 Words   |  6 PagesWomen have done incredible things within the history of the world. They have proven time and time again that they are equal in just about every way with the opposite gender. However now the question of whether they can or even should fight beside men in combat has come up. Many people think that because almost the whole world has recognized that each individual has all the same basic rights, regardless of their gender or race, that everyone can do the same job equally. This is simply not true andRead MoreWomen in Military1248 Words   |  5 PagesWomen in the United States have long fought for the right to be included in many facets of society such as the right to vote to breaking into professions like the medical field and getting females elected to major government offices. But one of the most intriguing questions of integration has yet to be fully answered. Apart from all others is the b attle to allow women the right, the honor, and the privilege of serving and defending their country as part of the United States Armed Forces. Being inRead MoreThe Military : Protections For Women In The Military1715 Words   |  7 Pagesin 2016 compared to 6,082 last year, an annual military report showed. This was a sharp jump from 2012 when 3,604 cases were reported. Few bills have been presented in Congress against the institution for fear of disrespecting those who are fighting for our country. By attacking one section of the military for injustice and abuse, there is fear that this could possibly only be scratching the surface of the issue. Protections for women in the military seem to have a bleak outcome due to the fact thatRead More Women in the Military Essay637 Words   |  3 Pagesfollowed. In 1920, the 19th Amendment granted suffrage to women. Since then, women have been gradually stepping up on the ladder of success. Everyday more and more opportunities are opening t hemselves up for women. Because of these changes, we have had to add unheard of words such as congresswoman, policewoman, etc. to the dictionary to keep up with their advancement. The United States military is even inviting women into their ranks. Military Women rising up in status and prestige is a great thing, butRead MoreWomen in the Military Essay531 Words   |  3 Pagesfocused on why women should be in the military. I chose this topic in order to get a full view on how women in the military are thought of. I have done some research and have learned a lot more then I originally expected. According to the U.S. Constitution, all men are created equal, this also includes women. I believe that a woman in the military is just as capable as any man. Some people will argue this because they feel as though it is not right to have women wounded or killedRead More Women in the Military Essay1112 Words   |  5 PagesShould women be allowed in the military? My answer was at first a resounding â€Å"no.† However, once I started my research, my opinion changed. In 1948, Congress passed the combat exclusion law that prohibited women in the Air Force, Marines, and Navy to hold combat positions; however, the Army can assign these duties as they see fit (Schroeder). Some people assume that Americans are not ready to see a woman wounded or killed in war; however, there are female police officers that are wounded or killedRead More Women in the Military Essay667 Words   |  3 PagesI am in favor of equality for women, just not when it comes to women in combat. There have been women in society doing heroic things since the Revolutionary war. There have been brave women in war posing as men so they could fight. There are a select few women who could handle war and combat. The negat ive aspects of women in combat outweigh the positive. Women should not participate in military combat. However they may join the military and served in traditional roles such as nurses and office staffRead MoreEvolution of Women in the Military3618 Words   |  15 PagesThe Evolution of Women in the Military Abstract Women are without doubt an integral part of the military services. It took the determination of women throughout history to pave the way for the 400,000, women that serve today. From the early years of the military to the present conflict in Afghanistan, women have made continuous progress towards equality. It is through their contributions that the military has evolved, consistently opening more jobs to women in combat. Time has proven that

The Marxist Theory Of Marxist Criticism - 757 Words

The Marxist theory research What is the marxist criticism? Marxists believe that all of human history has been divided by socioeconomic classes. They believe that the progression of history so far has been pushed forward by these class struggles. From these struggles they say that capitalism was born, but eventually the struggles will reach a breaking point where the lower and middle classes turn on the wealthy, leading to the implementation of socialism. Looks at any struggles between different classes in the text. Interprets the relationship between classes. The text is viewed as a social institution, and then dominant class struggles are brought to life through the themes of the text. The author can put these class struggles into the†¦show more content†¦Key terms: Class struggle: Conflicts between employers and employees over rights, wages and working conditions. Capital: Something that turns a profit (i.e. railroads, factories) Ideology: System of ideas and ideals that form the basis of economic, social and political policy. Dialectic: A theory of history, that tells the story of the world as a continual resolution of contradictions. Laws of history: Marxists believe that human progression over history will eventually lead us to socialism where everyone is equal and owns very little. Socialism: A theory or system of social organization that advocates the vesting of the ownership and control of the means of production and distribution, of capital, land, etc., in the community as a whole. Communism: A theory or system of social organization based on the holding of all property in common, actual ownership being ascribed to the community as a whole or to the state. Bourgeois: Dominant class who control and own means of production. Proletariat: Subordinate class: do not own or control the means of production. Key Assumptions: Focuses on particular societal issues (culture, race, economical, power, etc.) Marxists theorists look at literature as a social institution. Look at ways the literature emerges from current ideologies and institutions. Can also look at author’s background and their societal standpoint. Politics andShow MoreRelatedHeart of Darkness Themes Essay1654 Words   |  7 PagesJacob Lachini Ms. Batten ENG 4U1-03 Monday, October 29th, 2012. Literary Criticisms in Relation to Heart of Darkness Interpretation is the revenge of the intellect upon art. Even more. It is the revenge of the intellect upon the world. To interpret is to impoverish, to deplete the world -- in order to set up a shadow world of meanings,† Susan Sontag. It is a persons interpretation of any form of literary work that defines itself, what the author intends a reader to discover may be completelyRead MoreTheories Of Marxist Theory And Conflict Theory1066 Words   |  5 PagesMany theories have interrelated theories and derive from one another. Marxist theory has connection with labeling theory and conflict theory. Marxist theory and conflict theory explains law and criminal justice but does not oversee multi-groups conflict of society (Akers 2017). Marxist theory is a sociological model which is based on conflict of classes (Akers 2017). Marx viewed the industrial society or capitalist society from a macro point of view. Marxism is also a conflict theory, believing thatRead MoreThe Gift Of The Ma gi1022 Words   |  5 PagesIn discussing Marxist literary criticism Peter Barry states, â€Å"So instead of seeing authors as primarily autonomous ‘inspired’ individuals whose ‘genius’ and creative imagination enables them to bring forth original and time-less works of art, the Marxist sees them as constantly formed by their social contexts in ways which they themselves would usually not admit† (Barry 152). His claim is certainly evident through a careful analysis of O’Henry’s short story. The Gift of the Magi appears to be a bittersweetRead MoreSocialist Feminist Criticism1164 Words   |  5 PagesSocialist Feminist Criticism: You Dropped the Bomb on Me, Baby Feminism and gender studies have been described as having the ability to challenge literary and culture theory to confront the difficult task of assimilating the findings of an expanding sphere of inquiry (Contemporary Literary Criticism 567). This area of study has taken center stage during the last fifty years, not only in our society, but also in literary criticism. Although the terrain Feminism traverses can hardly be narrowedRead MoreA Marxist And Feminist Literary Criticism1243 Words   |  5 Pages A Marxist and Feminist Literary Criticism Being a single woman with a family to support in the 1930’s was not an easy job. Especially when society had so many chips stacked against them. Tillie Olsen’s â€Å"I stand Here Ironing† is a short story that addresses feminine social disorders and inequalities as well as economic disadvantages that people of lower circumstances have to overcome to survive. In the short story it is basically an autobiography of Tillie Olsen’s life told by the narrator (Emily’sRead MoreThe Functionalist Explanation of the Role of Education in Modern Society621 Words   |  3 PagesThe Functionalist Explanation of the Role of Education in Modern Society I will discuss the functionalists theories in comparison to those of the Marxist and Interactionists. Functionalists believe that all in society serves a purpose and its a positive function. They also believe that education is a way of achieving in society; it develops people so that it gives them the opportunities in society (workplace). Durkheim believed that in order for children to feelRead MoreLevels and Spheres of Business Power1726 Words   |  7 PagesCompare and Contrast Marxist, Elite and Democratic Pluralist Theories of Power. Classical Elite theories were developed by Pareto and Mosca, to some extent as a critical response to Marxism, but have also been very significantly modified by theorists such as C.W. Mills. Marx’s theory of the ruling class states that, basically, the Bourgeoisie are an economically dominant class in that their ownership of the means of production in capitalist society gives them power over decisions affecting productionRead MoreFunctionalist View on Crime1262 Words   |  5 Pagesthat are seen as Deviant by one group, are seen as acceptable and even desirable by others. Many sociologists have attempted to find the reasons why this is the case and thus this has led to the development of the; Functionalist, Marxist and, Strain and the Labeling theory. The â€Å"architect† of the original functionalist view on crime was a sociologist by the name of Emile Durkheim (1897). He reasoned that Crime was endemic to all societies in the same way that suicide was ( it should be noted thatRead MoreTo What Extent is Marxist Criticism Helpful in Opening Up Potential Meanings in CATCH 22?1492 Words   |  6 PagesA Marxist reading enables the critic to see Catch 22, by Joseph Heller, as not simply an anti-war novel but a satirical representation of the absurdity of American bureaucracy and capitalism, and thus shows the extent to which the situation at the time was of concern to Heller. The novel takes place in Italy during World War II and the novel follows Yossarian who is a part of an air squadron yet Heller confirms that â€Å"The elements that inspired the ideas came to me from the civilian situation inRead MoreReligion as a Conservative Force Essay1132 Words   |  5 Pagesor cooperation between people and basically no society itself. He argues that the worshipping of society strengthens these values and beliefs that form the basis of social life. Functionalist theories like Durkheim establish the thought that society shapes religion. Marxists such as Weber uses a one sided approach in which religion leads to social change, and is shown in his argument of the role of Calvinism in the development of capitalism. Weber believes that ideas

Satyam Scams - Frauds - Satyam Case Study - Free Sample Solution

Question: Discuss about theSatyam Scam. Answer: Introduction In 1987, Mr. Ramalinga Raju founded Satyam ltd as an IT sector in Hyderabad. In the beginning, there were around twenty employees in the firm but gradually it witnessed progression by rapid movements. The company aimed to offer BPO (Business Processing Outsourcing) and IT solution services to its customers. Due to its hard work over the years, it attained huge rewards for accountability, creativity, and governance in the corporate environment. Even Ramalinga, founder of Satyam was awarded the Entrepreneur of the year award in 2007 and the company was awarded a Global Peacock award in 2008 for possessing effective qualities in fields of accountability and corporate governance (Pilbeam, 2009). Satyam Business had a potential to cater around 310 customers across the world through its 13130 technical associates. The estimation of IT market at that time reported $400 billion and the compounded annual growth stood at a rate of 6.5%. The reason behind such was the extreme necessity of IT services to the corporate world. As a result, influence of e-business developed at a rapid rate and sooner Satyam attained a massive sales figure of around US$470 and by the year 2008, the growth enhanced to US$2.2 billion. The companys aspects were entirely profitable and it attained a growth of approximately 35% in that time (Agrawal Sharma, 2009). This further resulted into an enhancement in the operating profits of the company by 21% that in turn resulted in increment of the companys EPS from $0.13 to $0.64. Furthermore, the stock prices increased from INR 138.08 to INR 562.25 that depicted a leap of 300%. The operating activities and management of Satyam was of immense utilization and hen ce, it could reap such massive profits. However, these figures failed to portray the key apertures prevailing within the company and therefore, Satyam case has always been regarded as Indias Enron (Viney, 2009). Method of Scandal It was clearly observable through Mr. Rajus letter to the Board of Directors of Satyam that huge amount of falsification was done in the company accounts. As per Mr. Raju, he enhanced the balance sheet assets by $1.47 billion, which made it clear that there was approximately $1.05 billion non-existent cash and bank loans in the company accounts. Falsification even prevailed in the company liabilities that went unreported. Furthermore, the company revenues had been so greatly increased that investors did not lose faith upon the company. In other words, the company bluffed about its earned incomes so that the expectations of investors were adequately satisfied. This was done to keep the investor invested. For instance, the outcomes provided by the company in October 2009 portrayed an increase in profit figures by 97% and quarter revenues by more than 75%. Both the internal auditor together with Mr. Raju adopted varied strategies to come up with the falsification (Agrawal Sharma, 2009) . Hence, it can be seen that there was major loophole in the entire working that led to the scam. Mr. Raju even utilized the computer of other people to generate false statements of bank that were the key factors in this fraud. This falsification gave ways to enhancement in figures of balance sheet and income statements of the company. Furthermore, the company also created more than 6000 false salary accounts that were utilized to influence the company accounts and resources. In order to enhance company revenues, the international head of internal audit also assisted in generated false customer identities and invoices (Caraballo et. al, 2010). The resolutions taken in Board meetings were false and loans taken were on an unlawful basis. Cash attained from the ADR (American Depositary Receipts) were absent from the balance sheet and the same was utilized in other fraud motives. Overall, the scam was designed in an effective manner that could not be traced easily. Acquisitiveness of success, power, resources, and fame made Mr. Raju contravene all the statutory rules and regulations binded on him and other officers. This contravention of duties also resulted in cheating the investors of the company. On a whole, the Satyam Scam is a total devastation of moral standards within an organization (Bhasin, 2008). The falsified bank statement of Satyam as on 30 September 2008: Actual Reported Difference Balances in terms of cash and bank 320 5361 5039 Interest accruing on FD Nil 375 375 Liability reduced 1231 Nil 1231 Debtors inflated 2160 2650 490 Total Nil Nil Nil Revenue(Q2) 2113 2701 588 Operating profits 60 650 590 Managing the False System of Accounting The company effectively compromised accounts and since a long time, such irregularities remained undetected and investors were completely unknown to such frauds. From January 2000, PricewaterhouseCoopers or PwC was entrusted with a responsibility to look after Satyams audit procedures. When the fraud was discovered in the year 2009, PwC encountered huge criticism for failure to detect such prevailing frauds in Satyam. PwC easily approved several financial statements of Satyam and therefore, this resulted in a huge blunder. The most important problem was the $1.05 billion claims by Satyam by way of non-interest bearing deposits in the balance sheet. It was clearly observable that the company auditors were ineffective in their duties as they failed to adopt an independent decision and did not crosscheck company operations with that of the bank (Rezaee Kedia, 2012). Both the balance sheet and income statement were influenced in such a way that whenever the expectations of investors could not be met, it generated more fictitious sources and this process continued for a long period. Furthermore, even the company auditors did not took proper steps to track such fraudulent operations. Double audit fees provided to PwC raises the doubts upon the people whether it was involved in the fraud activity or not. Besides, failure to discover this fraud for nearly nine years also establishes a doubt on the honesty of auditors. In contrast to this, the fraud was easily discoverable by Merrill Lynch in just ten days. Although, there remains a huge doubt on PwCs part in the fraud, yet it stated that maintenance of every accounting policies and procedure were adequate. This clears the fact that there are innumerable factors that played a role in the creation of such a fraud. The investors, SEBI, independent board of directors of the company were not provided appr opriate information that resulted in frauds being undetected. Overvaluation and misstatement were consistently done so that none could doubt the effectiveness of the activities of the company, thereby contributing towards such scam. Outcomes of the Scandal Satyams fraud case was very enlightening and witnessed massive variations both domestically and internationally. Merrill Lynch terminated its operations with Satyam after discovery of the fraud. Even Credit Suisse abandoned its association for the company (Bhasin, 2008). The respectful awards warned by the company were also extraneously removed. Even the company shares witnessed a devastating change as it fell down to 11.52 rupees that became the lowest ever since 1998. These shares were attained a height of US$ 29.20 in the year 2008 and by 2009, it came down to US$ 1.90. As a result, the investors suffered a massive loss of $ 2.80 billion. Satyam fraudulently enhanced its assets and revenues over the years and demoted the Indian Stock Market. The greed of Mr. Raju was such that innumerable methods were taken into consideration for duping the innocent shareholders. A rosy picture was highlighted just to bluff the outside world. Besides, Mr. Raju encountered criminal allegations like forgery, criminal conspiracy, and breaking of trust that were the major outcomes of this scandal. The outcomes of Satyam scam witnessed several variations. The investors became careful of the companies audited by PwC and as a result, even these companies encountered serious problems like fall of shares etc (Ramachadran, 2009). Even the impact on Indian stock market was huge when the public knew such news and as a result, it encountered a downfall of more than five percent while Satyam witnessed a share downfall of more than 70%. A new BOD appointed by the Indian government assisted in recovering the company by making it saleable in approximately hundred days. For this purpose, they interacted with accountants, bankers, and lawyers and finally integrated with Avendus Capital and Goldman Sachs. The investigations helped in identifying the culprits and created various charges upon them for such fraudulent activities. The Indian Officials arrested Mr. Raju, together with his brother B. Raju (former managing director). Charges were even put on the internal auditors of the company that facilitated in the creation of this scam (Clarke, 2010). Both the Chief Financial Officer and the company auditors were majorly at default. The holders of ADR in US also filed charges against Satyam for fraud. The affected people consisted of: Indian government- The government of India was at extreme tension as the scam had resulted in the reluctance of IT sectors to progress with investment. There was a severe downfall in the sector and the stock market tanked heavily (Ramachadran, 2009). Employees- Due to this scam, employees encountered problems relating to termination of projects, salary problems, layoffs, and job dissatisfaction. There were utter confusion and failure of governance. Shareholders- The investments in India encountered massive variation as there prevailed doubts associated with the countrys revival because people related were already in a bad state. Client- Clients of the company lost confidence and terminated their contracts. Large international clients like World Bank, Telstra, etc also terminated their contracts while other clients related themselves with the competitors of Satyam. Bankers- A huge doubt prevailed in association with the revival of both financial and non-financial situations. The financial institution was looked upon with suspicion and people lost faith in such institution, as well as auditors. The auditors were looked with hatred and suspicion (Bhasin, 2013). The exposure provided by banks was also at extreme danger due to the scam. Moreover, the loopholes in auditing came to the front that needed the emergence of a strong corporate governance model. Hence, it is significant to possess an appropriate control on the undertaking so that there do not remain any chances of frauds. Prevention of Future Frauds Scandals and frauds result into risks and volatility in the economical sector of any country and ultimately people start fearing to invest in the stock markets. The Satyam scandal of 2009 depicted the various flaws and inaccuracies. Besides, the rules and measures were extremely deprecated because it did not meet the expectations (Timmons Wassener, 2009). Therefore, following measures or policies are referable for avoiding future frauds or scams: Corporate Governance- The requirement for an improvement in corporate governance is essential. Every company must adhere to the corporate governance standards that imply the Board to operate the company in a way investors are given maximum fondness. Duties and roles of top executives must be offered in a moral way and prior importance must be given during selection of these executives in public companies (Bhasin, 2013). Investigation of inefficacies- It is observable that the scam of Satyam initially started on a small note but gradually it enhanced to a devastating level. Therefore, the discovery and removal of frauds are vital at their initial stages before it outrages the environment as a whole. Investigation is extremely necessary at each level so that problems, if any, become easily discoverable. Hence, companies must investigate their books and accounts if they fail to portray a true and fair view of its performance (Damodaran, 2009). Roles and responsibilities must be efficiently allocated so that the team can collectively work for the removal of inefficacies. Conclusion From the above discussion, it is observable that whether it is Lehman Brother scandal or Satyam Fraud, the profession continues to improve the feature so that auditors can track problems with simplicity. Due to these frauds, auditors role was extremely doubtful and came under investigation in ISA 240. It is the duty of auditors to offer an understanding that detection and prevention of frauds depends on the internal accounting measures and accounting policies of the management (Black, 2010). However, it is notable that these strategies can minimize the impact of fraud and not eliminate it. Furthermore, it is not the auditors who must be held liable for such detection and prevention of frauds in the financial statements. Despite that an audit took place, it is the duty of auditors to obtain appropriate evidence clarifying the fact that frauds or errors in financial statements have not generated and if it has, then the auditor must adopt corrective actions to prevent these frauds or er rors. However, auditors encounter an unavoidable risk due to such frauds and errors still being found in the financial statements even if effective audit procedures take place (Gilbert et. al, 2005). After the introduction of ethical standards and corporate governance within a company, frauds and errors can be traced in a more effective way and the enhanced responsibilities of an auditor assists in achieving better results. References Agrawal, S. Sharma, R 2009, Beat this: Satyam won awards for corporate governance, Internal audit, viewed 28 September 2016, https://www.vccircle.com/news/technology/2009/01/09/beat-satyam-won-awards-corp-governance-internal-audit Bhasin, M 2013, Corporate Accounting Fraud: A Case Study of Satyam Computers Limited, viewed 28 September 2016, https://file.scirp.org/pdf/OJAcct_2013042509481787.pdf Bhasin, M. L 2008, Corporate Governance and Role of the Forensic Accountant, The Chartered Secretary Journal, vol. 38, no. 10, pp. 1361-1368. Black, W. K 2010, Epidemics of Control Fraud lead to Recurrent, Intensifying Bubbles and Crises, Working paper, University of Missouri-Kansas City. Caraballo, C., Cheerla, A., Jafari, O 2010, Satyam: The Brotherly Demise, The George Washington University, May. Clarke, T 2010, International Corporate Governance, London and New York, Routledge. Damodaran, M 2009, Listed firms to get new conduct code, viewed 28 September 2016, https://wrd.mydigitalfc.com. Gilbert, W. Joseph J and Terry J. E 2005, The Use of Control Self-Assessment by Independent Auditors, The CPA Journal, vol.3, pp. 66-92 Pilbeam, K 2009, Finance and Financial Markets, Palgrave Macmillan Rezaee, Z Kedia, B. L 2012, Role of Corporate Governance Participants in Preventing and Detecting Financial Statement Fraud, Journal of Forensic Investigative Accounting, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 176-205. Ramachadran, S 2009, Raju brings down Satyam, shakes India, viewed 28 September 2016, https://www.atimes.com/atimes/South_Asia/KA09Df01.html Timmons, H. Wassener, B 2009, Satyam chief admits huge fraud, viewed 28 September 2016, https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/Satyam-Chief-Admits-Huge-Fraud/articleshow/4588792.cms Viney, C 2009, McGraths Financial Institutions, Instruments and Markets, Sydney

Project Management Volkswagen of America †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Project Management Volkswagen of America. Answer: Volkswagen of Americas new system for funding The chief information officer (CIO) of the Volkswagen of America (VMoA) did a phone call and was relaxed after the initiative. The call was directed towards the one of the peers of the Executive leadership team (ELT). The outcome of the process from the call was that there was a generation of a process, which was new. It formed an IT Project list, which was founded in 2004. Few days later the project was revealed. In accordance to the process, a new storm was created within the internal working of the organization. The main point of focus was in the discussion of the concern relating to the working in the organization, and the projects, which were not funded. The different members in the team had their own point of view, which are very much repetitive relating to the prioritization relating to the process by which the people within the organization about the mistake categorization. The mistakes, which are performed within the organization, result in penalty of the unit of the busines s. In most of the calls, the main point of emphasis was the funding of the information technology project, which were not funded so that the projects would be again in the working form. In the Volkswagen of America (VMoA) there are 10 unit which are operational with proposed project of more than 40 relating to a funding requirement of around $210 million (US). The budget, which was ranged by the VGAG, which is the parent company of the Volkswagen of America (VMoA), was around $60. The pushback, which are done in the process, was very much surprising. The new process would be beneficial in a way of making the tradeoff very much explicit and the link of the project and the processes, which are, core relating to the business, which would be affecting the overall goal of the organization (Gonzlez-Ruiz, Duque and Botero 2017). A new architecture of the business was formed by the member of the organization taking the help of the strategy corporation group of the Volkswagen of America (VMoA) in direct collaboration with the gedesUSA. The framework, which was created, was very much a high-level concept. The architecture, which was involved into the concept explicitly despite the resources which are very much key for the overall working of the organization and answering the questions such as how, when, why, where and when. The architecture helps the strategy to be clearly understood which can be applied to the different elements of the organization. In order to rebuild the business strategy keeping in mind the new system, the Volkswagen of America (VMoA) builders constructed a new blue print of the system. The architecture of the business mainly included the following points. A hierarchical and prioritized view of the goal of the organization relating to the internal working. A functional model, which is hierarchical, that mainly display all the activities, which can be considered as major activities, which are involved in the corporation. A model relating to the enterprise, which can be mapped to the function. An information inventory system. A state current inventory system that are directly linked and mapped to the enterprise related functions. There are several type of entities, which are involved into the working of the organization, and these entities play a very vital role in the concept of creating and managing the new process for the priorities of the Volkswagen of America (VMoA). The ELT can be considered very much responsible for the responsibility which are considered as primary for the execution of the NRG program which are related to the new IT process of the government. To approve and guide the process, which are related to the prioritization of the IT and the project selection there, was a committee formed which is known as the ITSC. The PMO directly involved the overall working with the team members who was involved into the building up of the strategy. This process was beneficial in a way that it helped the group to arrive at an explanation, which is detailed in order to move through the aspect of selection and prioritization. The digital business council (DBC) which consist of the members of the representati ve of the team which are related to the e business unit was in charge of the overall working and in this context it can be stated that the work which is done by them is very much complex. The task which were termed as complex mainly included the aspect of project categorization, business impact, taking the decision of the trade of and the discriminating their direct alignment with the goals of the organization. For the funding of the project an appropriate stage was reached very all the detail necessary was included into the concept. The main conclusion, which was reached, was that the overall working of the project would be broken down into parts, which was majorly three parts, and the tenure, which was involved into the aspect, was three month which would be taking place in the month of July to September (Pommier et al. 2018). In order to start with the project the PMO of the project had put a formal call for the projects with the due date in order to get the approval of the deadline. In the month of July before the actual implementation of the project was done by the PMO, the corporate strategy team with the gedas strategy consultant facilitated a workshop with the members of the DBC. The main aim of the meeting was to give the members of the DBC a clear idea about the funding of the project and the take into consideration about the funding, which would be required for the project. Each of the technology would be directly connected with the architecture of the business, which would be explicitly in the form of functions related to the working. This concept would be directly affecting the overall internal working of the organization this would be involved in the direct initiative of the organization. The main agenda, which would be discussed in the meeting, would be the basic requirement of the project and the funding requirement of the project in order to make the project functional. This concept would be deployed so that the standard of working of the overall organization would be made better. Some of the units in the organization were very much comfortable with the overall working and with the goal, which was set by the organization. The business unit consist of a leader who are termed as an ELT member. Taking into consideration a project which are enterprise goal oriented the main point of focus would be the strengthening and weakening of the case study related to the enterprise case related projects. There always exist a temptation which is related to finding out more ways by which is different sectors in the business could be enhanced. One of the factors, which can be involved into the concept, is judging the sectors from where the funding of the project can be achieved. At the end of the process, which is related to thinking, the group speculated about the amount, which was re lated to the budgeting of the IT project. There was a rough estimate made which was around $60 million, which was valuable altogether, $16 million fund were eventually kept aside in order to maintain the concept of the stay in the business. Relating to most of the projects which were related to the infrastructure which were under the guide of the CIO matulovic another $30 million would be directly funding the project relating to the enterprise this directly left about $14 million for the projects which were high priority relating to the business projects. The calculation, which can be considered as back end envelope, can be considered to be stating the organization that the requirement, which was relating to funding related to the entire top-level project exceeded the budget and the requirement of the funding. There was no idea into the gap, which was set between the funding requirement and the budget how it was created and what should be done in order to minimize the gap. In order to provide the necessary recommendation the following points were pointed out to Matulovic and the ITSC The goals of the organization, which are low, ranked should they drop them. Should the factor of funding be equally distributed relating to each of the goals of the portfolio? Should the organization recommend that the unit of importance that are related to the business be revised which can be related to the enterprise priority from the NRG. Should the organization take the action of breaking each of the portfolio and release fund for the projects, which are, associated with the most critical which are associated with the projects, which are less important (Ikpa 2016). Through the concept of new process and business architecture, it can be stated that there are several projects which are favored by the concept of the unit of the business which was to cut down the overall cost of the project. This directly provides provision for the outcome, which is related to, the present unit executives to present mainly two options. The first option would be to organization to acknowledge that a project from other sector than the usual working area might be more important in order to achieve the goals of the enterprise. On the other hand, the second option would be that the organization could challenge the merit of the technology which can be new for the concept of the selection of the process and prioritizing the project. In most of the cases, it can be stated that option two would be selected nd the consideration would be taken into account and second option would be neglected most of the time. The main concept, which can be taken into considered in this case, is that if the project does not get the appropriate funding was the concept prioritization. Most the value in this case was not included in the Volkswagen of America (VMoA) level of importers. The local USA base business valued the aspect if project which was based on the warehouse performance, which could not be directly related to the concept of the topmost, ranked NRG, related goals (Gwynne 2017). According to Matulovic the project was very much poorly served. The option, which was related to the concept, was very much less. He could easily indulge in the concept of funding from other projects and involve more of the dedication in the concept of project supply flow. The solution in this aspect could have been done in the concept of finding alternative option of funding which would be directly beneficial for the organization. He could have on the other hand used the project as a wedge to directly drive into the prioritization of the process directly to reopen the concept. Work on projects not funded properly There are three types of investment, which can be involved into a project, which may be: Return on investment (ROI): this type of action is related to the prediction of the concept, which is related to the aspect of cost, saving. This result needs to be sufficiently exceeding the part of the investment, which may include the initial step up investment and the ongoing maintenance and operation. For example the user may install a system which is new due to the aspect of the maintenance which is applied to the system which is done manually and the cost would be around 50% lowered as compared to other system which are preexisting. Stay in business (SIB): This concept can be related to the aspect if legislative directly to maintain the continuity of the business or can be overly mandated relating to the parent organization. It can be stated that few of the example in this aspect may include customer privacy effort which is legislated or the concept which is related to the disaster recovery which is business continuity (Cuenca and Boza 2015). Option creating environment (OCI): Similar to the concept of the Return to interest but it can be comparing it with the concept if revenue generation and cost saving. The concept can be considered to be very much risky due to the factor that the anticipation of the concept if the new execution process or the methods clear to competitive advantage for the business. It can be stated that the overall concept is the prototype which when implemented would result in implementation, which result in greater implementation, which can be directly be justified (Mansouri 2016). On the other hand, it can be stated that there are three technology types of application, which are stated below: Enterprise Application: the system of the company, which are specific, that directly provide broad functionally or the operation, which is used throughout the infrastructure of the organization. Base enterprise IT Platform: Infrastructure service and tools or the common external application, which are directly developed, and utilities that are used throughout the different companies (data warehousing, internet based communication and desktop application tools) (Cuenca and Boza 2015). Customized point solution: The system and relating to it the solution, which are directly targeted to the application, not recognized directly as very useful across the enterprise. The application and the type of investment would be directly related to the influence how particular investment would be treated. The main concept, which should be taken into consideration I the aspect of prioritization and selection of the process. The manager of the business unit assumed that in the near future business bodies would be getting the approval of the project, which are considered very much crucial and stated as important project. Some of the members of the project are not so much comfortable with the concept due to the factor that the organization focus more on the goals, which are related to the enterprise. In this concept the goal which is related to the concept of the was based on the leadership of the ELT members and thus it can be realized that the assigning of the project which are related to the NRG goals were ranked implicit in their importance towards the VMoA. The organization and the people who are involved into the concept remained in the unit of the busine ss individual portfolios with the note of dictating removal from the unit of the business if the enterprise project was approved. The concept of the moving to the IT infrastructure can be considered as a strategy, which would be involved in the overall working of the organization. The focus point in this concept would be the project, which did not have the proper funding for the execution. It can be stated that in the near future the projects would be gaining the importance so that it would be yet again operational. There are a basic need of the IT aspect, which has to be involved into the overall working of the projects, and it should be taken into consideration by the project manager to get the appropriate funding and making the infrastructure more improved. The situation, which was faced by Matulovic, was very much crucial as the project, which were not funded had to make operational in order to enhance the functionality of the organization. The aspect of funding would be directly beneficial from the point of view of the workers as well. There are different factors, which would be playing a role in this cont ext such as the concept of flexibility, which can be achieved from the functionality of the projects, which would be funded in the near future. The main factor, which can be taken into consideration, is the aspect. The aspect of the funding of the project can be considered very much important due to the factor that it would be making the project functional. In most of the cases it is seen that a project fails due to the lack in the finance sector which would be needed to keep the project moving. The main factor, which play a vital role other than the factor of budget, is the sector of labor, which would be needed to keep the project moving towards the point of success. There can be different types of changes in the overall working of the project and the project manager and make the project a success should talk these changes. When a project is funded equal right should be given to all the people so that they can involve into the aspect of decision making and provide a framework of w ork which would increasing the success rate of the project. The sector of the project, which are not functioning, should be taken care of so that it would not affect the overall working of the project. All the factors, which would be hampering the overall operation of the project, should be noticed at the start of the project due to the factor that during the implementation of the project it would not be a problem References Adama, O., 2017. Urban imaginaries: funding mega infrastructure projects in Lagos, Nigeria. GeoJournal, pp.1-18. Bagci, K.T. and Tekalp, A.M., 2016, August. Managed video services over multi-domain software defined networks. In Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO), 2016 24th European (pp. 120-124). IEEE. Cadogan, D., 2014. Funding for research? Look to the crowd: crowdfunding resources for academia. 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